By Andrew Klein
History rarely repeats itself exactly, but it often rhymes. The ancient Greek city-state of Sparta provides a powerful analytical framework for understanding the dynamics of certain modern nations. By examining Sparta’s structure—a small elite ruling over a large subjugated population and reliant on external support—we can identify disturbing parallels in the modern State of Israel.
This is not a comparison of moral equivalence, but an analysis of systemic design.
1. The Narrow Elite and the Hierarchical Society
Sparta: Society was rigidly divided. At the top were the Spartiates, a small, militaristic citizen class. Below them were the Perioikoi, free but rightless inhabitants who handled commerce and crafts. At the bottom were the Helots, a vast, enslaved population that outnumbered the Spartiates and was controlled through brutal violence.
Modern Parallel: A similar hierarchy is observable.
· The Ashkenazi Elite: While not monolithic, the Ashkenazi (Jews of European descent) have historically held disproportionate political, economic, and judicial power in Israel.
· The “Perioikoi” – Mizrahi and Sephardic Jews: Jews from Arab and Muslim countries (Mizrahi) and the Mediterranean (Sephardic) were often relegated to a secondary status upon arrival, facing systemic discrimination and being used as a demographic bulwark and a source of manual labour and military manpower.
· The “Helots” – Palestinian Citizens and Occupied Populations: Palestinian citizens of Israel face institutional discrimination, while Palestinians in the Occupied Territories live under a system of military law with no political rights, their land and resources systematically appropriated. Human rights organizations like B’Tselem and Human Rights Watch have described this as a system of apartheid.
2. The Demographic Weapon and Internal Divisions
Sparta: The Spartiates lived in constant fear of a Helot revolt due to their small numbers. Their entire society was militarized to control this internal threat.
Modern Parallel: The state promotes a doctrine of demographic competition.
· The Law of Return & Aliyah: This policy actively encourages Jewish immigration to solidify a Jewish majority, a direct response to the perceived “demographic threat” of a higher Palestinian birth rate.
· Encouraging “Cruelty of the Underclass”: As in Sparta, groups within the lower tiers of the privileged hierarchy are often the most virulent in oppressing those beneath them. This can be seen in the treatment of Palestinians by some Mizrahi security personnel and the actions of the Hilltop Youth—radical settlers often supported by the state—who terrorize Palestinian communities, seizing land and destroying property.
· Treatment of Ethiopian Jews: This community has faced profound racism, sterilization scandals, and social marginalization, highlighting that the hierarchy extends even within Jewish ethnic groups.
3. The External Lifeline and Projection of Influence
Sparta: While largely insular, Sparta relied on its alliances and reputation to maintain its position in Greece.
Modern Parallel: Israel is critically dependent on external support and works aggressively to shape international opinion and policy in its favor.
· Financial and Military Aid: Israel is the largest cumulative recipient of U.S. foreign aid since World War II, receiving over $3.8 billion annually, a lifeline that sustains its military dominance.
· The Diaspora and Dual Passports: The state actively leverages the influence and loyalty of Jewish communities abroad. Dual citizens often act as advocates for Israeli state policy within their host countries, creating a network of influence that can blur lines of national allegiance.
· The “Hasbara” Apparatus: Israel runs a sophisticated, well-funded global propaganda machine designed to deflect criticism and frame all dissent as antisemitism.
4. The Pressure on Sovereign Nations: The Australian Case Study
This external influence directly impacts democracies like Australia.
· Appointment of an Antisemitism Envoy: Lobbying by groups like the Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council (AIJAC) has pressured the Australian government to create this role.
· Adoption of the IHRA Definition: The envoy, in turn, pressures the government to adopt the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) definition of antisemitism. While seemingly benign, this definition has been widely criticized for conflating legitimate criticism of the State of Israel with hatred of Jewish people. It is a tool to silence debate on the occupation, settlements, and the ongoing violence in Gaza.
· A Threat to Australian Democracy: When a foreign state can successfully lobby to curtail free speech and political debate within another sovereign nation, it undermines the very foundations of that democracy. The charge of “antisemitism” is weaponized to shut down uncomfortable questions, protecting a flawed system from external accountability.
Conclusion: An Unstable Model Exporting Its Flaws
The Spartan model was inherently unstable and ultimately collapsed from within due to its own internal contradictions and inability to adapt.
The modern parallel shows a state with a similar structural flaw: it is built on ethnic supremacy and the permanent disenfranchisement of a large population it controls. To sustain this, it must:
1. Maintain constant internal control through military force.
2. Foster a siege mentality among its population.
3. Secure endless external financial and diplomatic support.
4. Actively silence foreign criticism.
When a nation like Australia is pressured to adopt laws that shield this system from scrutiny, it is not fighting antisemitism; it is being coerced into becoming a collateral enforcer of an unsustainable status quo. The ultimate lesson of Sparta is that systems built on domination and exclusion are destined for crisis. The question for the international community is whether it will continue to prop up such a system, or demand a fundamental change toward equality and justice for all people living between the river and the sea.
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This analysis is based on documented reports from the UN, Human Rights Watch, B’Tselem, and historical scholarship on ancient Sparta